Inhaled corticosteroid increased the risk of adrenal insufficiency in patients with chronic airway diseases: a nationwide population-based study.

Classification based on the underlying airway disease showed an increased AI risk in patients with asthma (HR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.84–5.23) and a marginally significant risk in patients with COPD (HR: 3.23, 95% CI: 0.86–12.16, P = 0.082).

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However, in the adjusted HR, beclomethasone demonstrated marginal significance (HR: 4.37, 95% CI: 0.92–20.76), while ciclesonide continued to exhibit the highest HR (12.17, 95% CI: 3.79–39.15) for AI risk even after IPTW.

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