highly significantp <0.001
The mean total sperm motility and grade A progressive motility (before treatment: 44.8%±15.75% and 21.9%±13.13%, respectively) exhibited highly significant improvement ( p <0.001) following treatment with DAAs (after treatment: total motility, 52.56%±13.92%; grade A progressive motility, 29.2%±12.75%).