Late Holocene cooling drove drastic decreases in cladoceran diversity in a subarctic lake.

Principal Curve scores show a positive relationship with chlorophyll a (representing the biomass of primary producers) ( edf = 2.8, P value < 0.0001) but negative with fucoxanthin, which is a proxy of diatoms, dinoflagellates, and chrysophytes ( edf = 4.03, P value < 0.0001), whereas in another model, the scores and alloxanthin, which is a proxy of cryptophytes, display a positive trend ( efd = 3.63, P value < 0.0001; Fig. 6 ).

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5700 to 2400 cal years BP, Shannon’s diversity index shows an increasing trend (Fig. 2 b; Supplementary, Fig.

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