Comprehensive Physiology, Cytology, and Transcriptomics Studies Reveal the Regulatory Mechanisms Behind the High Calyx Abscission Rate in the Bud Variety of Korla Pear (<i>Pyrus sinkiangensis</i> 'Xinnonglinxiang').

Extremely significant differences ( p < 0.01) were observed for the two index values tZR and ABA in the calyx abscission zones of both varieties from 21 April to 25 April, with the content in the calyx abscission zone of the YB variety significantly higher than that of the PT variety ( p < 0.01) ( Figure 2 A,B).

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Polygalacturonase (PG) hydrolyzes intercellular layers and pectin substances [ 25 ], whereas cellulase (CEL) hydrolyzes cellulose [ 26 ], rendering PG and CEL important cell wall hydrolases, with an increasing trend generally observed in the activities of these enzymes during the abscission of plant organs.

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We also observed a decreasing trend followed by an increase in the IAA content for both varieties over the period 21 April to 25 April ( Figure 2 C), indicating that the IAA index may also have an inhibitory effect on calyx shedding.

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