Spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological risk and its driving factors of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei major mineral belt, 1985-2022.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC11742984 · PMID 39827272

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

The results showed that JMMB’s ecological risk showed a decreasing trend, and the implementation of ecological restoration strategy improved the landscape ecological risk in the study area.

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