Advancing bat monitoring: Assessing the impact of unmanned aerial systems on bat activity.

Our results support this hypothesis, because multicopter flights have a highly significant negative impact on bat activity levels with a medium effect size, particularly for the Myotini ( P < 0.001, d m = 0.54) and Nyctaloid group ( P < 0.001, d n = 0.55) and a small effect size for the Pipistrelloid group ( P < 0.001, d p = 0.36).

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