marginally significantp = 0.053
For both models, male patients had lower GDS scores than female patients (β = −1.98, p < 0.01—first model; β = −1.93, p = 0.003—second model); there were no significant effects for education levels, and pension had a negative association with GDS scores, which was marginally significant (β = −0.0005, p = 0.053).