Barely Significant
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Nisin A-producing Lactococcus cremoris formulations for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection modulate the bovine milk microbiota.

BMC Vet Res · 2025 · PMC11783760 · PMID 39891206

2
hedged sentences
0.0430
closest p · 0.9× alpha
0.0430
boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendp = 0.043actually significant
Contrariwise, Phocaeicola showed a significant difference from T0 to T2 within the TR with a decreasing trend (4.4% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.043).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported
The CTR group only reported a change in the biodiversity between T1 and T2 (PD whole tree, p = 0.017); the TR group, on the other hand, significantly differed from the baseline both at T1 (Chao1, p = 0.037; Observed species, p = 0.010; Shannon, p = 0.006) and at T2 ( p = 0.026, Chao1; p = 0.003, Observed species; p = 0.002, Shannon) with an increasing trend.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.