The growing demand and supply gap of EPA + DHA and EAAs is unlikely to be narrowed by increasing protein production from crops, livestock, and land-based aquaculture (freshwater farming), as land agriculture faces competition for limited land and water resources, with annual production currently showing a decreasing trend ( Amundson et al., 2015 ; Costello et al., 2020 ; Foley, Defries, Asner, et al., 2005 , Foley, Ramankutty, Rrauman, et al., 2011 ; Olsen, 2011 ).
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Quantitative evaluation of essential amino acids and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from global marine bivalve aquaculture.
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