Iron oxide nanoparticles enhance alkaline stress resilience in bell pepper by modulating photosynthetic capacity, membrane integrity, carbohydrate metabolism, and cellular antioxidant defense.

BMC Plant Biol · 2025 · PMC11808985 · PMID 39924529

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

In response to the FeNP-only treatment, all parameters showed an increasing trend compared to the AS treatment.

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