highly significantp<0.001
This study revealed a significant association between OH practices and gender (p<0.05), mirroring the highly significant gender-related associations found in Libya (p<0.001). 27 Both the Saudi Arabian study and this study have found a strong association between knowledge levels and grades; however, the present study illustrated a more significant association (p<0.001) compared with Saudi Arabian research (p=0.016). 28 In this study, males showed a slightly lower good OH knowledge level (75.4%) than females (79.5%), whereas a Riyadh study indicated a significant gender gap, with males at 27.2% and females at 72.8% in knowledge levels.