highly significantp < 0.001
The effect of F1 cross on diapause response was highly significant for both the larval and pupal decisions (cross; larval decision: χ 2 (2) = 36.24, p < 0.001, pupal decision: χ 2 (2) = 40.01, p < 0.001) and cross uniquely explained approximately 20% of the total variation in diapause decisions (larval decision: semi-partial R 2 = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.03−0.39; pupal decision: semi-partial R 2 = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07−0.38).