Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitor Use and Malignancy Risk: A Systematic Review and Patient Level Meta-Analysis.

Cancers (Basel) · 2025 · PMC11815771 · PMID 39941759

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported

This meta-analysis of 10 observational studies also did not show a statistically increased risk of cancers in patients taking TNF-I (RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.72–2.79) ( Figure 4 ) but did suggest a trend toward significance with both longer exposure to TNF-I and longer follow-up.

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