Global, Regional, and National Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease Attributable to 25 Risk Factors and Their Summary Exposure Value Across 204 Countries With Different Socio-Demographic Index Levels, 1990-2021: A Systematic Fixed-Effects Analysis and Comparative Study.

Clin Epidemiol · 2025 · PMC11849418 · PMID 39996156

Europe PMC DOI

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

27 Behavioral Risks Smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, and their attributable burden on IHD are positively correlated with SDI levels across countries, yet show a decreasing trend across all SDI groups.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

30 The prevalence of low physical activity is also positively correlated with SDI levels across countries, with an increasing trend in all SDI groups.

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