Childhood Depression, Hopelessness, and Suicidal Attempt Predict Earlier Tobacco and Marijuana Use Initiation During Adolescence.

Open J Med Sci · 2025 · PMC11870659 · PMID 40027157

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0510

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0580

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp = 0.051so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Hopelessness was marginally significant for females (B = 0.042, SE = 0.021, p = 0.051) and non-significant for males (B = 0.029, SE = 0.021, p = 0.166).

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marginally non-significantp = 0.058so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Gender (male) showed a marginally non-significant negative association with tobacco use (B = −0.017, SE = 0.009, 95% CI [−0.035, 0.001], p = 0.058).

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