an increasing trendP < 0. 001
However, these indicators showed an increasing trend in the PL phage group ( P < 0. 001) (Fig. 5 D). mRNA levels of innate immune components ( Tlr2 , Tlr4 , and Irak4 ) were also significantly up-regulated by phage administration both in PH and PL groups ( P < 0. 001), however, there was no significant difference in Tlr2 levels between the PL group and the control group (Fig. 5 E).