Utilization Trends of Transnasal Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation (TESPAL) in the Medicare Population.

Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol · 2025 · PMC11877342 · PMID 40046982

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

While this trend may have contributed to the overall decline in interventional control of epistaxis, our data indicate that the drop began prior to 2019 and an increasing trend of diagnostic nasal endoscopy (CPT 31231) over the entire study period.

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