Increased serum NfL and GFAP levels indicate different subtypes of neurologic immune-related adverse events during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Concerning GFAP levels, the highest concentrations were found in patients with CNSirAE (Figure 2B : n = 5, median 359.17 pg/ml, IQR: 281.54–2492.34 pg/ml), revealing a highly significant difference compared to those with PNirAE (Figure 2B : n = 22, median 143.1 pg/ml, IQR: 101.4–155.1 pg/ml) or NMirAE ( n = 4, median = 164.3 pg/ml, IQR: 126.25–224.93, p value: .0064, Kruskal–Wallis test and post‐hoc Dunn's test). 3.4 Analysis of clinical parameters and serum NfL and GFAP levels Correlation and regression analysis were performed in the nirAE and irHypophysitis subgroups (in total n = 31) focusing on NfL and GFAP levels during the presence of the (n)irAEs.

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