Climate Warming Increases the Voltinism of Pine Caterpillar (<i>Dendrolimus spectabilis</i> Butler): Model Predictions Across Elevations and Latitudes in Shandong Province, China.

Insects · 2025 · PMC11943339 · PMID 40266764

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Currently, the CGDD exhibits a decreasing trend from south to north in latitude and similarly decreases with increasing elevation ( Figure 3 a).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

The current voltinism of pine caterpillar ranges from 1.26 to 1.56 generations (1.40 ± 0.07), with an increasing trend of 0.04/10a.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.

Climate Warming Increases the Voltinism of Pine Caterpillar (&lt;i&gt;Dendrolimus spectabilis&lt;/i&gt; Butler): Model Predictions Across Elevations and Latitudes in Shandong Province, China.

The sentences

Climate Warming Increases the Voltinism of Pine Caterpillar (<i>Dendrolimus spectabilis</i> Butler): Model Predictions Across Elevations and Latitudes in Shandong Province, China.