Adenosine-generating CD39<sup>+</sup> plasmablasts predispose to successful infliximab therapy in pediatric IBD.

Before initiation of the IFX therapy, we found a highly significant difference for naïve B cells, whose frequencies were elevated in patients with IBD and represented the predominant B-cell subset in peripheral blood in both RS and NRS alike ( Fig 1B ; RS: 71.4% [ P = 0.0008], NRS: 71.7% [ P = 0.0002], HC: 61.7%).

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