Inflammatory Responses to Zn/Cu-Containing Welding Fume in Human Alveolar Epithelial and Macrophage Cell Lines, with MIP-1β/CCL4 as a Much More Sensitive Macrophage Activation Marker than IL-8 and TNF-α.

Int J Mol Sci · 2025 · PMC12027897 · PMID 40332485

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highly significantno p-value reported

In A549 epithelial cells, a significant to highly significant increase in SOD activity was observed following treatment with concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μg/mL at 6 h.

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