Nomogram establishment for gastrointestinal bleeding prediction in ICU patients with traumatic brain injury based on the MIMIC-IV database.

First, while SOFA ( p = 0.029), SI ( p = 0.050), and diabetes ( p = 0.05) demonstrated marginal significance in univariate analysis, their inclusion in the final model was justified by their non-zero coefficients in the LASSO regression, which indicates their independent predictive value despite their borderline p -values.

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