Global trends and disparities in the burden of heart failure caused by chronic kidney disease: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Front Med (Lausanne) · 2025 · PMC12043581 · PMID 40313544

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

an increasing trendno p-value reported

Different from a previous study that showed a decreasing trend in the overall ASR of HF ( 2 ), our study showed an increasing trend in the burden of HF caused by CKD, indicating that even with much progress made in the management of HF, there is still a need for much more effort in the management of CKD.

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