Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improve bone marrow hematopoiesis through regulation of bone marrow adipose tissue.

While 3T3-L1 cells co-cultured with hucMSCs exhibited an increasing trend in mRNA and protein levels of PPARG, CEBPA, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB), FABP4, Fatty acid synthase (FASN), and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) during the initial 72 h of differentiation, these levels were significantly lower than those in 3T3-L1 cells undergoing differentiation at the same time points (Fig. 3 d–e).

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