Bidirectional Association between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies.

Middle East J Dig Dis · 2025 · PMC12048828 · PMID 40322567

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Globally, the prevalence of GERD in 2019 was 9574.45 per 100 000 people, with an increasing trend of 0.105% per year since 1990. 1 In Southeast Asia, the prevalence of GERD in 2005-2010 was 6.3%-18.3%. 2 GERD is the most common outpatient diagnosis, with the number of visits reaching 9 million visits.

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