Forecasting CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in BRICS countries using the grey breakpoint prediction models.

The development coefficient a and grey action b in Brazil were −0.058 and 410.774 before the breakpoint respectively, which changed to 0.017 and 568.634 after the breakpoint, indicating a transition from an increasing to a decreasing trend in the fitted values of CO 2 emissions in Brazil.

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