Invisible appliance promotes bone reconstruction via modulating the periodontal immune microenvironment.

Eur J Med Res · 2025 · PMC12067710 · PMID 40350478

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

For no appliance group, the number of osteoclasts showed a decreasing trend with extension of treatment time.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

In the fixed appliance treatment group, the proportion of Th17 cells displayed an increasing and then decreasing trend with the prolonged treatment time, reaching a maximum on day 14; the percentage of Treg cells reached a maximum at 3 days, then decreased sharply to reach a minimum on day 7, and finally showed an increasing trend again.

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