Comparison of blood metal ion levels in scoliosis patients following instrumented spinal fusion with cobalt-chromium and titanium alloy rods.

However, even after two years, Co levels remained 1.74 times higher than the preoperative baseline level, albeit with a decreasing trend over time 18 .

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Instrumented spinal fusion is a standard treatment for patients with various spinal pathologies and has witnessed an increasing trend in recent years 13 .

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