Evidence of a social evaluation penalty for using AI.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · 2025 · PMC12088386 · PMID 40339114

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hedged sentence

0.1030

closest p · 2.1× alpha

0.1030

boldest claim

The sentences

did not quite reach statistical significanceP = 0.103not close (p > 0.1)

Directionally, all relationships were consistent with those we found for Task Fit ; however, the interaction between Tool and Participant AI use did not quite reach statistical significance ( P = 0.103).

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