Tuning friction force and reducing wear by applying alternating electric current in conductive AFM experiments.

Nat Commun · 2025 · PMC12092833 · PMID 40394013

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

As the frequency increases, the displacement perturbation occurs more frequently, the average Δ x per stick-slip period increases, thus the friction shows a decreasing trend with frequency.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Yet the frequency leading to the lowest friction is not a constant, which shows an increasing trend with the sliding velocity.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.