highly significantp <.001
Prerequisite For the pretest data, we could confirm the existence of a highly significant Posner effect ( t (35) = 5.51, p <.001, d = 0.92), resulting in faster RTs for spatially congruent ( M = 453.19 ms, SD = 105.24) than for incongruent trials ( M = 475.56 ms, SD = 106.54), see Fig. 3 .