Spatio-temporal evolution and coupling relationship between biodiversity and urbanization in the areas along the Yellow River of Shandong province.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12122715 · PMID 40442224

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendno p-value reported

The BIs in the AYRSP were 0.522, 0.506, 0.504, and 0.509 in 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021, respectively, with an average BI value of 0.510; therefore, a decreasing trend was observed.

also in 47,180 other papers

an increasing trendno p-value reported

The coupling coordination degree between biodiversity and urbanization showed an increasing trend with continuous improvement in the urbanization level.

also in 63,971 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.