a decreasing trendP = 4.18 × 10 −6
The causal links between MIR and rainfall showed a decreasing trend in Dakar ( P = 4.18 × 10 −6 ), Ziguinchor ( P = 7.95 × 10 −4 ), Diourbel ( P = 1.91 × 10 −3 ), Kédougou ( P = 4.03 × 10 −3 ), and Bakel ( P = 3.32 × 10 −2 ).