Seasonality in mortality and its impact on life expectancy levels and trends across Europe.

J Epidemiol Community Health · 2025 · PMC12171394 · PMID 39740985

Europe PMC DOI

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

The aggregated findings for the median across the selected 20 European countries showed a decreasing trend in the total contributions of seasonality to life expectancy at birth (although not statistically significant).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.