Social inclusion policy effects on democratic satisfaction in Europe: a catalyst of polarization threating the identities of privileged social groups.

Furthermore, supporting H2b, we see a clear “polarizing” pattern: xenophobes even at low MIPEX levels show a much lower democratic satisfaction than the non-xenophobes and with stronger migrant integration policies these group differences in democratic satisfaction get larger which is also shown by the highly significant cross-level effects.

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