highly significantp < 0.01
Regression analysis of the ranks of temperature (most anomalous cold spell = lowest rank; most anomalous heatwave = highest rank) and biotic anomalies revealed a highly significant positive correlation between the occurrence of temperature anomalies and biotic anomalies (Fig. 5 a, F(df 1,6) = 9.68, p < 0.01), with an adjusted r 2 value of 0.55.