Global, regional, and national burden of diseases associated with male reproduction from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050.

BMC Public Health · 2025 · PMC12232653 · PMID 40624455

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

In the SDI regions, the ASPR of UCA exhibited a decreasing trend in both the higher and lower SDI regions, while conversely displaying an increasing trend in the Middle SDI regions.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Results Over the past 32 years, the ASPR and ASDR of KS and male infertility have shown an increasing trend, which is projected to continue through 2050.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.