Medication, age and abstinence days associated with low semen quality: A cross-sectional study in more than 7000 men visiting the centre for reproductive medicine.

PLoS One · 2025 · PMC12273907 · PMID 40680071

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.1000

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.1000

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significancep < 0.1so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Especially, the use of metoprolol (beta-blocker), metformin (glucose-lowering drug) and lisinopril (ACE-inhibitor) seem to be associated with low semen quality, independent of age, however, with borderline significance at the p < 0.1 level.

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