Assessing the global burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis using multiple statistical models: analysis and future projections.

Similarly, age-standardized mortality figures for ILD and PS increased from 54,967.23 cases in 1990 to 188,222.37 cases in 2021, with the ASMR increasing from 1.52 per 100,000 in 1990 to 2.28 per 100,000 by 2021, resulting in an AAPC of 1.32 (1.16–1.48), also demonstrating an increasing trend (Table 2 ).

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