Intelligence and Moral Development: A Critical Historical Review and Future Directions.

J Intell · 2025 · PMC12294983 · PMID 40710805

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

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closest p

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boldest claim

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highly significantno p-value reported

Wiggam claimed that “science has established its highly significant and heartening fact that as man evolves in intelligence the higher he becomes in moral character” (p. 261).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.