Assessing the biomechanics of scheuermann's kyphosis affected thoracolumbar spine in forward flexion at the tissue-level using a finite element model.

Results of stress analysis Vertebral stress analysis At different forward flexion angles, the stress of L1-S1 in both TLK patients and healthy subjects showed an increasing trend, and the S1 stress in TLK patients was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects at 60 degrees and 90 degrees of forward flexion, which were 45.0 and 41.0 MPa, respectively, and 2.06 and 2.8 times higher than that of the healthy subjects (Fig. 5 ).

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