highly significantp < 0.05
Statistically, the observed differences were highly significant (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01), as demonstrated in Figure 5A . 3.6 Real-time qRT-PCR Real-time PCR analysis revealed that mRNA levels of AKT1, PI3K, PIK3R1, and PIK3CA were significantly reduced in the fucoidan-treated group compared to the control group (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01), as demonstrated in Figure 5B . 3.7 Western blotting Western blot analysis showed there were no notable differences in the protein levels of PI3K and AKT1 between the group that was treated with fucoidan and the control group.