Occupational Respirable Crystalline Silica Dust Exposure and Risk of Non-Lung Cancer Mortality Among German Uranium Miners (1946-2018).

A pooled analysis including cohort studies found increased SMRs for renal disease as underlying cause of death and particularly as multiple cause of death with a positive trend in response with increasing silica exposure. 27 Another study in a cohort of millers and miners revealed increased hazard ratios for non-malignant renal disease mortality over all quartiles of cumulative RCSD exposure. 22 However, a positive trend was not evident.

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The RRs showed an increasing trend, although none of the RRs for exposure in categories reached statistical significance (Fig. 2 B and Supplementary Digital Content 2, Section E, Table A5, http://links.lww.com/JOM/B985 ).

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