highly significantp < 0.0001
In the anterior ALPS (aALPS), the bvFTD group showed significantly lower values compared to the NC group (bvFTD: 1.24 ± 0.14 vs NC: 1.54 ± 0.12, Cohen's d = −2.2568), with highly significant group differences in all models ( p < 0.0001).