Barely Significant
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: in-depth analysis of microbiota association and innovative prevention and treatment approaches from the gut-lung axis perspective.

Front Immunol · 2025 · PMC12343604 · PMID 40808958

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highly significantno p-value reported
It has been reported that Firmicutes and Actinobacteria have a highly significant association with blood inflammatory indicators in COPD, which suggests that these bacterial taxa may participate in the occurrence and development of COPD by aggravating systemic inflammation ( 46 ).

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