The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Sensitivity, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Nutrients · 2025 · PMC12348612 · PMID 40806075

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hedged sentences

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantp = 0.05actually significant

In contrast, HbA1c level was supported by moderate-certainty evidence, with a borderline significant reduction (MD: −0.17; p = 0.05) and acceptable heterogeneity (I 2 = 44%).

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported

The overall pooled mean difference across all the studies was −1.79 (95% CI: −3.70 to 0.13; p = 0.07), suggesting a trend toward significance in favor of the experimental treatment.

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