marginally significantp = 0.061
For non-lead-exposed respondents, blood lead levels in male ALAD2 allele carriers demonstrated a marginally significant decrease compared with those in male ALAD1 homozygotes ( p = 0.061).
For non-lead-exposed respondents, blood lead levels in male ALAD2 allele carriers demonstrated a marginally significant decrease compared with those in male ALAD1 homozygotes ( p = 0.061).
However, in both adults and children, BLLs in male ALAD2 allele carriers were marginally significantly lower than those in male ALAD1 homozygotes (WMD = − 0.349, 95% CI − 0.016 ~ 0.713, p = 0.061, marginal significance, I 2 = 0%) (Fig. 5 ).
The homogeneous and borderline significant results in male populations warrant further sex-specific investigations to clarify potential biological mechanisms.