Revisiting Global HPV Vaccination Behavior and Its Determinants: A Comprehensive Review.

43–45 An observational cohort study at the University of Campinas in Portugal among first-year and fourth-year undergraduates in various health-related fields reported an initial female vaccination rate of 26% and male rate of 8% that subsequently increased to 52% for females and 27% for males, highlighting a positive trend over time. 32 Romania, Morocco, Jordan, Colombia and Peru reported exceedingly low vaccination rates, ranging from less than 1% to 6.4%. 6 , 46–49 Notably, developed countries generally exhibited higher vaccination rates than developing nations, with nine of ten countries reported HPV coverage rates exceeding 50% were developed countries among reviewed studies.

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