Prevalence and risk factors of self-medication with antibiotics in the general population of Tehran-a population-based study.

J Health Popul Nutr · 2025 · PMC12363102 · PMID 40826378

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0520

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

In contrast, those in the ‘good’ socio-economic status category revealed the highest prevalence at 34.3% ( n = 27, 95% CI = 21.4–47.2), indicating a highly significant difference ( p < 0.001).

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marginally significantp value = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

This difference was marginally significant ( p value = 0.052).

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