Global burden of disease due to opioid, amphetamine, cocaine, and cannabis use disorders, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

PLoS One · 2025 · PMC12370144 · PMID 40839682

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Notably, our study findings show an overall decline in DUD-related ASIRs over the study period; while amphetamine, cocaine, and cannabis use disorders showed a decreasing trend, we observed a slight increase for opioid use disorder.

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